In some cases, there is associated dislocation of one bone accompanying a fracture in the other. Most forearm fractures (60%) include fracture of the distal radius as well as an ulnar fracture. A galeazzi fracture is a distal 1/3 radial shaft fracture with an associated distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) injury. Misdiagnosis or inadequate management of Galeazzi fracture may result in disabling complications, such as DRUJ instability, malunion, limited forearm range of motion, chronic wrist pain, and osteoarthritis.Fracture-dislocations of the radius and ulna illustrate the importance of including the joint above and below the site of injury on radiographic assessment. The effect of malunion on functional outcome after plate fixation of fractures of both bones of the forearm in adults. These injuries usually occur by axial loading on an outstretched arm with pronation or supination of the wrist which determines the angulation of the fracture. PMID:15523016 (Link to Abstract) Schemitsch EH, Richards RR. Classification Compendium20 revision of the AO/OTA Fracture and Dislocation Classification Compendium for adults and children addresses the many suggestions to improve the application of the system, as well as add recently published and validated classifications. Galeazzi fracture dislocations are a fracture of the distal one third of the radius shaft with a concomitant dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Further intraoperative interventions are based on the reducibility and postreduction stability of the DRUJ. Ununited diaphyseal forearm fractures with segmental defects: plate fixation and autogenous cancellous bone-grafting. Anatomic reduction and rigid fixation should be followed by intraoperative assessment of the DRUJ. The current knowledge on pathobiomechanics and modified therapeutic decisions implicate the need to devise an updated classification and treatment regimen of Galeazzi fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation is the preferred surgical option. Abstract While diaphyseal fractures of the forearm are a common orthopedic injury, Galeazzi fractures are difficult to treat. In adults, nonsurgical treatment typically fails because of deforming forces acting on the distal radius and DRUJ. Nonsurgical management with anatomic reduction and immobilization in a long-arm cast has been successful in children. Underdiagnosis is common because disruption of the ligamentous restraints of the DRUJ may be overlooked. General considerations Galeazzi fracture-dislocation In Galeazzi fracture-dislocations the radial shaft fracture is associated with a dislocation of the head of the ulna at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Galeazzi fracture-dislocations are relatively rare (3 - 6 of forearm shaft fractures). However, good quality orthogonal views are needed to identify and characterize displacement correctly. Most often, the ulnar head dislocation is posterior (dorsal), very seldom anterior (volar). Galeazzi fractures are classified according to the direction of radial displacement: type I: dorsal displacement type II: volar displacement Plain radiograph A forearm series is usually sufficient for diagnosis and management planning. A Galeazzi fracture is defined as a fracture of the middle to the distal radial shaft with subluxation or dislocation of the DRUJ. Diagnosis is established on radiographic evaluation. In Galeazzi fracture-dislocations the radial shaft fracture is associated with a dislocation of the head of the ulna at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Typically, the mechanism of injury is forceful axial loading and torsion of the forearm. Galeazzi fracture is a fracture of the radial diaphysis with disruption at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367035 Abstract While diaphyseal fractures of the forearm are a common orthopedic injury, Galeazzi fractures are difficult to treat.
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